Browsing by Author "Tingson, Lorenz Emmanuel A."

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    The effect of female household heads on food, health, housing, and education expenditures in the Philippines
    (2024-01) Tingson, Lorenz Emmanuel A.; Solon, Orville Jose C.
    This study investigates the effect of female household heads on household expenditures like food, health, housing, and education. Following Eagly's (1987) Social Role Theory, which explains behavioral differences between sexes due to societal roles, the theory offers a framework for examining how social norms influence the household decision-making and priorities of female household heads. This study examines if female headed households allocate more resources to welfare-improving expenditures like food, health, housing, and education when they are heads of households (Miralao, 1992; Arceno and Castillo, 1999; Capungcol and Garcia, 2019). Data from the 2016 Annual Poverty Indicator Survey of the Philippines was used to perform an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) multiple linear regression analysis, considering variables such as income, age, child presence, marital status, and educational attainment to investigate the link between different household expenditures (food, health, housing, and education) and female household heads. The findings partially support the hypothesis that women, in their roles as caregivers and nurturers, prioritize spending on essential household expenditures like food and health. However, this influence does not extend uniformly across other expenditure categories like housing and education. This variation might be due to the multifaceted nature of household decision-making, where other independent factors which go beyond the sex of the household head also play a significant role in shaping expenditures. The study highlights the complexity of household decision-making and emphasizes the need for policymakers to design targeted programs that recognize the diversity within female-headed households, accounting for various factors influencing household spending to effectively address their unique challenges.