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Item Restricted Targeting the gamblers: a tool for public policy decision-making(2004-03) Hernandez, Wincel P.; Lee, Nikki Rose M.; Quimbo, Stella A.The goal of this study is to identify the socio-demographic characteristics of gamblers and evaluate the effectiveness of targeting tools for public policy targeting purposes. Maximum Likelihood estimation methods were used to estimate four logit models of gambling participation among Filipinos. The forms of gambling were subdivided into legal and illegal in order to establish the distinction between the characteristics of legal and illegal gamblers. The legal forms include Lotto, Casino, Bingo, Cockfighting, Sweepstakes, and Racing. The illegal forms include Casino Internet, Jaialai, Jueteng, Mahjong, Card Games, Masiao, Sakla, Ending in Basketball, Billiards, Two-Digit and Two-Ball Bingo. Individual characteristics such as age, gender, educational attainment, language, marital status, employment status and work sector were used. In addition, the relationship of geography (locale, area, province), institution (religion), media access (radio, TV, newspaper) and income towards gambling were tested. The General Gambling Model reflects the results of the Illegal Gambling Model, with minimal variations from the Legal Gambling Model. From these, it has been found that individuals from the younger age groups are more likely to participate in gambling. Males, as well as the less educated, reveal positive relationships with gambling. Urbanity, employment sector as well as Catholicism play a major role in the determination of gambling participation. These gamblers have access to the radio, and television stations, particularly ABS-CBN and GMA, and the tabloid Tempo. Income is inversely related to gambling, most especially in illegal forms but directly related to gambling participation in legal forms. Lastly, the capacity for correct prediction of each targeting tool was evaluated. Provincial targeting (Geographic 2) is the most effective targeting tool for illegal gambling since it has the largest percentage of correctly predicted cases and it appears to be cost-efficient as well. In this line, if the government aims to pursue proposed legalization or prohibition of illegal gambling activities, or chooses to target those who participate in illegal forms of gambling, information are already presented in this paper. It is recommended that further studies should consider evaluating the efficiency of targeting tools based on undercoverage and leakage rates. Information on the frequency and duration of gambling participation as well as the amount of bet wagered in gambling may also be taken into consideration.