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Item Restricted Essays on market design and college admissions(2021-10) Punongbayan, Jan Carlo B.; Jandoc, Karl Robert L.Item Restricted Dynamic response of professional labor supply to global demand shocks: the case of Filipino nurses(2013-04) Punongbayan, Jan Carlo B.; Capuno, Joseph J.This paper investigates the response of the domestic supply of nurses to changes in global demand using a dynamic labor market model. We focus on the effect of exogenous foreign demand shifts on local supply, seeing that this captures the export-oriented nature of the local nursing market. In particular, we take nurse deployments to the US and UK as our demand shifter, owing to the huge supply response borne by deployments to these countries at the turn of the century. By estimating supply-demand equations and deriving overall market dynamics, we find that a sudden increase in deployment abroad generates a considerable supply response that does not dissipate and return to equilibrium until several periods after the onset of the initial shock. Our findings also suggest that a backward-looking model of the structural supply equation is able to capture the local nursing market's cyclical response to exogenous demand shocks, and entrants into the nursing labor market rely largely on past market conditions to inform their current decisions. To our mind this builds a strong case for the public provision of labor market forecasts to provide occupational guidance to prospective nursing entrants and minimize the occurrence of cycles and imbalances in the market's supply and demand.Item Restricted School inputs and student performance in public elementary schools in Palawan: a quantile regression analysis(2008-10) Punongbayan, Jan Carlo B.; Esguerra, EmmanuelThis study investigates the role of school resources on different measures of student performance for the province of Palawan. We contend that it is not enough to identify which school resources matter the most, but that it would be more informative for policy purposes to identify which student types may benefit the most from the provision of a given school resource. This way, we may be able to target our allocations toward more productive educational investments. Using quantile regression analysis, we find that in the case of Palawan, improvements in pupil-teacher and pupil-toilet ratios may benefit high-performing schools the most. We also find that class size and pupil-room ratio improvements, along with the provision of guidance counsellors and science laboratories, may benefit low- performing schools the most. Our results also give some evidence that conventional OLS' procedures may be both insufficient and imprecise in estimating education production functions, and that educational policies based on least squares methods alone may be misguided, if not accompanied by other techniques, such as quantile regression, which can offer more valuable insights regarding education production processes in general.