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Item Restricted On the universal access to quality tertiary education law: the effects of free tuition on enrollment(2023-03-31) Lazo, Justine Gabrielle G.; Planas, Gabrielle Francine D.; Solon, Orville Jose C.The paper explores the effectiveness of the free tuition implemented by the Free Higher Education program in 2017 through the comparison on the rates of enrollment. Data from the Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (APIS) conducted in 2016 and 2019 are used to empirically compare the significance of household income in the decision of enrolling household members in a university. The regression analysis conducted controls for factors available in the survey that could potentially influence a household’s decision to send a Filipino to college, such as scholarships and backgrounds of the parent. The study also covers the analysis on the inclination of a household towards private or public universities. The key findings of the study indicate that the current free tuition program is ineffective in achieving accessible college education for Filipinos, and that it may be benefitting higher income households. The results also imply that household income is still a crucial element in determining whether or not to let a member of the household receive college education.Item Restricted A study on the influence of OFW parents on children’s education(2022-06-13) Llamas, Sophia Margarita E.; Uy, Jan David D.; Solon, Orville Jose C.This paper seeks to establish the influence of Filipino parents working abroad on their child’s educational attainment. In order to accomplish this, we look into the principal factors that affect a child’s education according to established literature; this includes sex, income, parent’s education, and public spending on education. Then we look at the nature of overseas workers, specifically overseas contract workers in the Philippines. We hypothesize that OFWs will positively influence their children’s educational attainment. Data from the Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) and the Labor Force Survey (LFS) is then used to serve as the data points for this study. We then run a logit regression on the difference of the child’s educational attainment with the household head’s educational attainment against the principal factors, working abroad variable, and interaction variables. From this, we find that past literature on the effects of sex, income, public spending, and parent’s education are true. Furthermore, we also find that the presence of a parent working abroad increases the likelihood that the child will have the same or higher educational attainment than the household head. After which, recommendations for future research on this field are annotated.Item Restricted Benefit incidence analysis of public education spending in the Philippines for the years 2016 and 2019(2023-07) De Taza, Calros Harry A.; Jureidini, Crizan Kyle A.; Jandoc, Karl Robert L.With the recent enactment of two important education laws, namely the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 and the Universal Access to Quality Tertiary Education of 2017, this paper tries to investigate the progressiveness of public education spending in the Philippines using benefit incidence analysis (BIA). Following Davoodi et. al.’s BIA methodology and Manasan et. al.’s BIA on Philippine public education spending two decades previous, actual public education expenditures and service utilization at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels were estimated from national budget accounts along with enrollment rates for both 2016 and 2019. Using the Annual Poverty Incidence Survey (APIS), the enrollment rates at each income decile were then considered to arrive at the distribution of benefits. It was found that in comparing the two time periods at the national level, primary education spending became less progressive, secondary education spending became more progressive, and tertiary education spending became less regressive.Item Restricted A mother's touch: a study on the impact of maternal education on the educational outcomes of their children(2022-06-11) Magpantay, Isaac Raphael C.; Solon, Orville Jose C.This study aims to study the impact of maternal education on the probability that children will achieve higher educational outcomes. An ordered probit model was used, and marginal effects were computed in order to assess the effect of maternal education on the probability of achieving higher educational outcomes. The results suggest that parental education has a significantly positive effect on the probability that a child will achieve higher levels of education, with maternal education having a stronger effect. Aside from this, results also suggest that daughters are more likely to attain higher educational outcomes regardless of parental education and urbanity. Lastly, household income is also statistically significant, with higher levels of income associated with higher likelihood of higher education. The results of this study point towards policies targeted towards improving the low educational attainment of mothers and daughters, given how the benefits of maternal education lasts across generations.Item Restricted Effect of the perception of electoral manipulation on voter participation(2020-05) Deleña, Juan Antonio N.; Tablante, Heather Lian G.; Capuno, Joseph J.Voting is an essential part of every election for democratic countries. However, an ever-pervasive issue concerning elections in the Philippines is electoral manipulation. In this study, we examine the Filipino’s perception on voter manipulation and likelihood to vote. By utilizing the May 2016 Official Pre-Election Survey of the Social Weather Station with a sample size of 4,500 Filipinos nationwide, we focus on the effect of demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, voting records, and perception of electoral manipulation on voter participation. This research is conducted by a probit model, bivariate probit model, and a recursive bi-probit model. With these models, we assess the effect of manipulation and education on the likelihood to vote. In addition to that, we will also assess the joint probability of voting and perception of manipulation and the likelihood of voting conditional to the presence of manipulation. The results of the study show that the perception of electoral manipulation does partially encourage an individual to vote. Moreover, education presents a notable positive effect on voting and perception of electoral manipulation. By conducting this study, the researchers show the importance of education to a present-day voter as it increases one’s likelihood to vote and strengthens one’s sense of citizenship.Item Restricted The effect of contraceptives use on women empowerment, as measured by educational attainment(2021-07-06) Castellon, Julia Antonina P.; Sason, Royn Lyanna F.; Alburo, Florian A.The Philippines has one of the highest fertility rates among minors in Southeast Asia. Multiple studies have shown that this can be attributed to minors engaging in unprotected sex, which can be a symptom of institutional weaknesses that have made family planning methods inaccessible to individuals who need it. As a result, these high fertility rates have hindered educational attainment and become, therefore, detrimental to women empowerment. This research, then, analyzes the effects of using family planning methods (i.e. contraceptive use) on women empowerment, as measured by their educational attainment. Using the National Demographic and Health Survey 2017, the study sample consisting of sexually-active women aged between 18and 19 was obtained. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to study the effects of contraceptive use on secondary or higher education completion rates. Other exogenous variables were considered for the empirical model as well. Results show that two of the three dummy variables used for contraceptive use are significant — the current non-use of contraception with intentions for future use at the 5% level and the current use of modern contraception at the 1% level. Other exogenous variables also prove to be significant. Due to the results of this study, the researchers conclude that contraceptive use, modern contraceptive use in particular, does have a significant effect in increasing the likelihood of attaining Highschool education and, in turn, women empowerment. Therefore, the researchers recommend. further study into the policy implications of easing access and providing quality training on proper use of modern contraceptives to maximize the positive effects on educational attainment.