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Item Restricted The distributional effects of government aexpenditure to income inequality: a Philippine case analysis(2012-03) Alvaro, Andrea Bianca; Vitriolo, Diane P.; Desierto, Desiree A.The rationale of government expenditure is for greater social welfare and poverty alleviation via reduction in income inequality. Higher government spending is assumed to yield in a lower inequality. Kuznets Inverted U Curve Theory and existing literature suggest that this does not apply in most developing countries due to time-invariant factors present in the economy. Using regional data from 2000-2009, OLS regressions show that government spending and income inequality in the Philippines are inversely related; however, when controlling for other factors constant over time, government spending per region showed to be insignificant.Item Restricted Government expenditures for education(1969-01) De La Cueva, Sylvia P.; Sicat, Gerardo P.Item Restricted Government expenditure on elementary education(1981-01) Reyes, Noemi G.Item Restricted Analyzing the effects of investments in public infrastructure on regional poverty reduction(2006-04-10) Aruta, Joseph Ricardo; De Guzman, Rodette Bon; Arcenas, AgustinPoverty remains to be one of the most pressing issues of the Philippine society. The government has resorted to different means in order to combat this problem, such as providing sources of income, shelter and healthcare. But one of the less visible ways by which the government attempts to reduce poverty is through its investments in public infrastructures, specifically in roads, electricity, education, irrigation and the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program. These infrastructures have both its direct effects on poverty alleviation, and indirect effects because it goes through certain channels, namely wages, agricultural employment and non-agricultural, which then have impacts on poverty. The aim of this study is to measure just how significant the investments of the government in these infrastructures are on regional poverty reduction. Data from 1990 to 2005 on the amount of government expenditure on these infrastructures were gathered and regressed against poverty incidence and the channels. Regression results show that government spending on roads has the largest direct effect on poverty reduction. Both education and electricity have the largest indirect impact on improving the welfare of the poor through its effects on the three channels mentioned above. These results suggest that the government should be wiser in deciding where to allocate resources if its main objective is to lift people out of poverty. It should be more flexible in imposing policies and ensure that the benefits are felt by the people.Item Restricted Wagner's law in the Philippine context: a study of Philippine government expenditure growth from 1946-2005(2006-04) Tandoc, Josine P.; Camua, Patricia Anne P.; Danao, RolandoA large part of the quest for development in the realm of welfare economics lies in identifying the cause of stagnation in the growth of public expenditures. By studying the growth of public expenditures during a long period of time according to the Wagner's law, the trend will always be increasing through the years. This paper shows that Wagner's Law is not valid since Philippine government expenditures in a span of sixty years has not always been exponential but has a flex point where the growth of public expenditures suddenly diminishes. It also explains that while the increasing per capita income does not exhibit a statistically significant correlation to the ratio of government expenditures to national income, prices of private and public goods, do. Lastly, this study has shown that the Wagner's Law may not be applicable especially in developing countries as illustrated in this study of the Philippines.Item Restricted Impact of public health spending on educational outcomes(2008-10) Marcos, Anna Maria M.; Sombillo, Renee M.; Alonzo, RupertoThis study aims to assess the significance of public health spending and health status on educational outcomes of public elementary students. Public health spending was approximated by local government expenditure on Health, Nutrition, and Population Control while school leavers rate, cohort survival rate, and net enrollment rate were used as indicators of educational outcome. The variables used as health indicators were percentage of households with access to safe water, prevalence of diarrhea and prevalence of pneumonia. The study was conducted on the regional level (covering 17 regions of the Philippines) from 2002 to 2004. Regression results do not provide conclusive findings regarding the effect of public health spending and health status on educational outcomes although these results provide sufficient attestation to the positive correlation of public health spending and educational outcomes.Item Restricted How does corruption, income and government spending affect tertiary enrollment?(2010-03) Alberto, Edeline O.; Desierto, DesireeThis paper uses cross-sectional data for 70 countries to examine the effect of public spending on different levels of education and the effect of income and corruption on the tertiary enrollment. The results of the regressions showed that income and government spending on basic education have a positive effect on tertiary enrollment. Government spending in tertiary education has a greater effect in increasing enrollment in countries with low level of corruption than in countries with higher level of corruption. Also, increasing tertiary enrollment through government spending in tertiary education is more effective in countries with lower income that those with higher income.Item Restricted Determinants of household expenditure on education: the philippine case(2010-10-08) Bruno, Maria Jucine Vernalyn; Marasigan, Maia Joyce; Tecson, GwendolynInvestment on education is said to indirectly help in the alleviation of poverty. Philippines is a developing country that needs to improve the intellectual capacity of the majority if its man power in order to open opportunities for higher future incomes and escape inter-generational poverty. For consistency of data, the authors examined possible factors affecting household spending on education (HHSE) within the household using OLS regression. Variables including income, expenditure, household head's educational attainment and sex, family size and location of the family are tested. Among the variables, household head's sex is the only factor proved to be insignificant. Meanwhile, relationships that are found between these variables and the dependent variables are rather unanticipated. On the whole, the greatest factor affecting HHSE within the household is the educational attainment of household head.Item Restricted Battling poverty: a look at education and health at the provincial level(2010-04) Salvador, Kash Aristotle B.; Moreno, Jomarlo F.; Tecson, GwendolynThis paper explores the poverty depth among provinces in the Philippines in the years 2003 and 2006. By looking at the relationship of factors considered namely the quality of education and health and the expenditure on education and health, the paper presents that the quality of education and health has a negative relationship on poverty depth. However, the government expenditure on education and health showed an insignificant negative relationship to poverty depth and addressed the need to assess the efficiency of government expenditure.Item Restricted Public expenditure as a function of total financial resources (by region 1977-1986)(1988-01) Castrence, Susan de Ocampo; Lu, Trazon Viader Jr.