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Item Restricted Schooling and disablity: the Philippine case(2017) Canlas, Jed Dominik ; Roces, Alfonso Gabriel L. ; Mendoza, Maria Nimfa F.In recent years, more awareness regarding persons with disabilities could be seen in the various laws passed addressing this issue; one of these is the Magna Carta for Disabled, which aims to uplift the lives of disabled citizens through social programs such as those concerning education. However, policies and projects ensuring access to education for all disabled people are not without cost. Therefore, this paper would like to justify these actions by proving that having a disability does impede one’s chances of attaining an education. In order to do this, according to similar studies abroad, it is imperative that some common factors be considered when testing the relationship of educational attainment and the presence of disability - age, gender and income. Using the same factors and the Census of Population and Housing 2010 as the data set, an econometric model, suitable to the Philippine setting, is derived which expands disabilities into different categories; these include communication, mobility, visual, hearing and mental disabilities. The results of the regression show that there is a negative relationship between the presence of disabilities and access to education, measured as the probability of one graduating from high school. Specifically, persons with a communication disability are least likely to finish their secondary studies. With these findings, it is recommended that the government take action with regards to citizens with disabilities by promoting the utilization of special education programs.Item Restricted Effects of knowledge of the recipient's identity and innate personality traits of the giver in trust and reciprocity games: A behavioral experiment of undergraduate students of the University of the Philippines School of Economics(2018) Amante, Charlotte May DC. ; Daro, Arlene B. ; Capuno, Joseph J.The trust phenomenon is at the core of the social bond. It is often used as a common explanatory feature of the success of collective action. To measure trust in between individuals, a behavioral game called Trust Game is commonly utilized. In this game, the predicted Nash Equilibrium outcome is that people trust strangers less. Wanting to look at other possible factors affecting one’s propensity to trust others, we incorporated economics with psychology. We considered the socioeconomic factors and innate characteristics such as personality traits to determine the levels and drivers of trust in a micro-level setting. Furthermore, we analyzed whether knowledge of the partner’s identity, reciprocity, and the big five personality traits (openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) influenced the trust level of a person. In this study, a 50- item psychometric questionnaire, 17-item general trust and reciprocity module, and 2 trust games with 4 rounds each were conducted on 60 undergraduate students of University of the Philippines School of Economics. Multivariate regression analyses were used to examine the gathered data from the participants. Findings revealed that an individual’s propensity to trust is positively affected by his knowledge of his partner’s identity. Moreover, expectations to be reciprocated by the other person is significantly affected by levels of various personality traits.Item Restricted Education and job mismatch: measuring over-education in the Philippine labor market during fast economic growth years(2018) De Castro, Gregory Silver ; Evardone, Benju M. ; Jandoc, Karl Robert L.This paper aims to analyze the incidence of over-education in the Philippines in 2012 and 2015, which are years when the country experienced relatively fast economic growth. The research employs the use of the method proposed by Epetia (2018) which will be discussed in depth in the later chapters of this paper. The paper by Epetia (2018) studies the incidence of over-education in the Philippines in 2003 and 2009, which were slow economic growth years of the country. This paper aims to extend the analysis by determining the incidence of over- education in fast economic growth years in 2012 and 2015. The research found that 13,918 out of 79,446 individuals are over-educated. This amounts to 17.52% of the sample, and is lower than the level of over-education during 2003 and 2009 as determined by Epetia (2018).Item Restricted Free tertiary education: does it make economic sense?(2018) Japlos, Jose Gabriel L. ; Tan, Chermaine Janise L. ; Quimbo, Stella Luz A. ; Solon, Orville Jose C.This study aims to measure the social benefits of free tertiary education. We measure both private (effects on income) and public benefits (measures of citizenship like propensity to vote, violence against women, payment of taxes and working for the public sector). Using Multiple Linear Regression, we then measured the following: wages, voter turnout, local tax collected, violence against women and children, and by using a Logit Model , the likelihood of working in the public sector as the determinants of private and social returns of tertiary education. Results suggest that tertiary education provides private benefits in that regions with a higher proportion of SUC graduates are more likely to have increased wages, and less violence against women. Additionally, results show that graduating from an SUC increases the probability of an individual to work in the public sector. Thus, it is clear that in various forms, providing free tertiary education brings about positive private and social returns.Item Restricted Local political outcomes: impact of dynasties to the health and education sector(2018-05) Torrecampo, Christinne Jeremiah B. ; Ninon, Ericka A. ; Jandoc, Karl Robert L.With the trend towards decentralization of Local Government Units (LGUs) and the resulting control of local politics in shaping policies, budget allocations, and programs, we aim to investigate whether political dynasties could significantly impact aggregated health and education outcomes. We investigate the Health and Education sectors due to the varying degrees of decentralization in the two departments. We employ a two-term (2010 and 2013) provincial data from the Asian Institute of Management (AIM) dataset, enrolment statistics from the Department of Education, and Field Health Services Information System (FHSIS) database from the Department of Health as the primary variables used in the study. We find that there is no robust effect of dynasties on education. In contrast, we find that there is a robust and statistically significant positive relationship between the dynastic share and health-related infrastructures. Such results might be indicative of the varying degrees of decentralization between the two sectors of the government.Item Restricted The effects of household head characteristics, household location and total income on the total number of members in a Filipino household(2017-06) Ame, Maria Anna Regina I. ; Soriano, Hilary Holly C. ; Mendoza, Maria Nimfa F.Overpopulation is a problem that still persists in Metro Manila until now, even after countless studies done on the subject, and numerous policies geared towards solving the phenomenon. With this in mind, we, the researchers, strived to find out the determinants of the household size for the modern Filipino family. We believe it is the crucial first step towards finding out what specific areas should be targeted by policymakers to improve the situation at hand. Using a multivariate estimation method and data from the 2012 Family Income and Expenditure Survey and supported by different studies, the results of the regression showed that different characteristics of the household head, specifically gender, age, marital status, employment, and educational attainment, as well as the employment of the spouse, the location and income of the household all proved to be significant determinants of household size. The researchers conclude that the best way to tackle overpopulation, a predicament seen in many developing countries, is to focus on education.Item Restricted The effects of education on access to financial institutions(2019-05) Castillo, Jad Algin Salamat ; Monzon, Rodrigo Tolentino ; Capuno, Joseph J.Education is one of the primary goals of the Philippines, under the Philippine Development Plan 2017-2022, along with an inclusive monetary and financial system by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas. Part of creating an inclusive financial system is through financial literacy. It is important for people to be knowledgeable about financial products and services for various reasons that can improve their welfare. Our research aims to study the effects of education to access to financial institutions of households in the Philippines using probabilistic regression and multinomial probit models of the 2017 Financial Inclusion Survey by the BSP. We used marginal effects of educational attainment to measure its partial effects relative to other socioeconomic and demographic factors. To further establish the relationship, we did specification tests by measuring financial institutions based on its formal and informal types, and by using different income variables of households. As a result, increases to educational attainment positively affects access to financial institutions; however, with low levels of education only to informal institutions. The findings also suggested that other household factors have positive effect on access to financial institutions such as income, age, urban areas, and employment and negative effect for regional area.Item Restricted Explaining 4P's success on children's school attendance: do social attitudes matter?(2018-05-04) Apostol, Josemilio Manuel Z. ; Vegamora, Jonathan Michael P. ; Escresa, Laarni C.Conditional cash transfer programs have been planned and implemented around the world as a way to alleviate poverty both in the short and long term. This study aims to examine whether social factors such as gender norms and perceptions toward domestic violence also have an influence on the education outcomes among conditional cash transfer beneficiaries. Our results confirm the findings of previous studies that receiving conditional cash transfers has a significant and positive effect on school attendance. Emigration from the household has no statistically significant impact on school attendance but work hours with pay does. Gender norms and the wife’s views towards domestic violence are found to be statistically significant, along with other variables: gender, hunger without food to eat, and repeating a grade or year level in school are a few. Lastly, community and spatial variables also have a statistically significant impact.Item Restricted Expanded learning: the correlation of organizational involvement wih the academic performance of economics students(2016-06) Flores, Clare Jessie Anne L. ; Leonardo, Jolina Mae D.C. ; Reside, Renato Jr. E.This study aims to determine the correlation between organizational involvement and academic performance of second to fourth year students of the academic year 2015-2016 at the School of Economics at University of the Philippines Diliman. Other potential factors such as innate ability and social environment were taken into consideration. The results of the simple regression model ran through Stata showed that the year level, time spent on school work, high school award and having parents living together have a positive correlation with the respondents’ general weighted averages (GWA). Members of sociocivic and interests-related organizations also tend to have higher general weighted averages. On the other hand, living outside the campus and away from immediate family has a negative correlation with the respondents’ GWA. Members of sports-related, fraternities/sororities and religious organizations tend to have lower general weighted averages.Item Restricted Female househol headship in the Philippines: prevalence, heterogeneity, and implications on investment in child education(2014-04) Daez, Emmelyn Michelle V.; Yabis, Diana Grace M.; Clarete, Ramon L.Looking beyond the dichotomous view of male versus female household headship that exist in much of the economics literature, the paper aims to determine whether heterogeneity among female-headed households, distinguishing between de jure and de facto female heads, impact their investment in child education differently. Using ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, the paper examines whether education expenditures are homogeneous across: (1) male and female-headed households; (2) de jure and de facto female heads; and (3) all income deciles. The regression results confirm recent literature's findings that female-headed households generally invest more on child education than male-headed households. However, when investigated if the same holds true for typologies of female-headed households - de jure and de facto - and across all income deciles, only those belonging to the de facto type and higher income deciles invest more on child education than their male-headed counterparts. Furthermore, the higher the income decile these female-headed households belong to, the greater is their investment in child education.