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Item Restricted The young Filipino adult's smoking decision: how do education, family and religion affect risk perceptions?(2011-04) Cases, Sheena Kristine M.; Estrada, Miguel Antonio G.; Carlos, Fidelina N.This paper attempts to understand the smoking decision of young Filipino adults. Using data from the 2002 Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Study, the authors try to find out how personal, family, and religious practices affect the young Filipino adult's perceptions of the risks involved in smoking. The authors borrow from Viscusi's Risk-Perception Theory for the framework of this study. In the theory, risk perceptions determine the individual's decision whether to engage in smoking or not. Of the variables deemed significant in the formation of risk assessments, education appears to be significant in making an individual not likely to smoke. Much more, educational motivations do affect an individual's decision-making. Lastly, the family, particularly the family religious practices and their involvement in risk or problem behaviors (such as drinking and smoking), has a significant effect on young Filipino adult's smoking decisions.Item Restricted Understanding intimate partner violence and poverty: an analysis of the role of unequal educational attainment between partners in Philippine households(2011-04) Hautea, Samantha Menancio; Solon, Jose Orville C.Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a serious public health problem which iimits future productivity, has adverse effects on children in the family, and prevents the achievement of While equality. While IPV is known to be prevalent among partners with lower educational attainment, what is not well understood is whether inequality in educational attainment between partners has significant effect IPV. Logistic the incidence of IPV. Logistic regression analysis was conducted National Demographic data Health Survey 2008 National Demographic Philippines, Health Survey (NDHS) in the Philippines, and controlling This other known factors associated with IPV. This study found that relative educational attainment Having partners significantly predicted some forms of IPV. Having equal, higher educational attainment between partners significantly reduced the incidence of physical violence by 35-84%, while having unequal The attainment significantly increased the incidence of emotional violence While 62-75%. The effect of educational attainment on sexual violence was ambiguous. While overall insignificant with ever experiencing any form of sexual violence, relative education levels was associated with specific types of sexual violence, with Educational incidence of sexual violence when level of education of the male partner is higher. Educational reforms at the primary and secondary levels may reduce the incidence of physical IPV.Item Restricted The impact of the Philippine family planning program on fertility(1982-01) Mercado, Rafaelita A.; Fabella, Raul V.Item Restricted Evidence of son preference and its influence of family building process in the Philippines(2001-10) Arellano, Elenita L.; Galvez, Maybelline Jo M.; Bautista, Socorro GochocoThe key question that will be addressed in the study is: "Is there a male child preference in the Philippines?" When male children are valued more by parents, there is son preference. If this phenomenon is present; parents will alter their fertility behavior as they build their families. The family building process depends on the preferences that parents exhibit in wanting more children. Son preference assumes that the presence or absence of a surviving son is a criterion for the fertility decision of the couple. This study will try to establish the presence or non-existence of son preference in the Philippines by focusing on the setting of the demand for children and testing the effect of the sex of the youngest or index child and the gender of the previous surviving children to the decision of a couple to have an extra child in their families. Other biological and socio-economic variables were also included. The results show that there is equal preference for sons and· daughters in the Philippines and the decision to have children is strongly affected by biological and cultural reasons and environmental influences. Parents in the country tend to hold similar attitudes about the relative importance and value their of daughters and sons in their households. However, Filipino still want bigger families. Although there is no son preference in the Philippines, still, many experience gender discrimination. Therefore, relevant gender-sensitive policies need to be adopted and applied.Item Restricted A mother's dilemma: an assessment of the implications of the role-incompatibility hypothesis in the Philippines 1993-2002(2003-04) Layaoen, Cherry Wyle G.; Macatangay, Thessa B.The female labor force participation rate is 51.7 for October 2002. For total fertility rate, the most recent projection of the United Nations Population Division for the Philippines for year 2000 to 2005 is 3.24 births per woman, declining at a rate of 11% from its 1999 fertility rate of 3.64 births per woman, a rate that is 1.24 births per woman above replacement level. The correlation of female employment and fertility rate can be analyzed by the role-incompatibility hypothesis, which states that when women's occupation is incompatible with her domestic duties, they are likely to have lower levels of fertility (Villa 1979). This paper inquires into the validity of the hypothesis in the context of a developing country such as the Philippines. This will be done by presenting a descriptive analysis on recent statistical findings of the demographic and socioeconomic factors affecting fet1ility and female labor force participation rate.Item Restricted For better or for worse: an economic analysis of the decision to marry of young Filipino adults(2006-03) Dacera, Kathleen W.; Capuno, Joseph J.The probability of early marriage (legally or informally, i.e., engagement in living-in arrangements) for young Filipino adults (15 to 24) was analyzed with respect to their work experience, educational attainment, wealth, type of residence, religion while controlling for other factors. Using data from the Young Adults Fertility Survey of 2003, a logit regression model was used to assess which factors will significantly affect this decision and which can be subjected to policy manipulation for the abbreviation of the ill consequences of early marriages. The findings show that, among other factors, a higher education, wealth, and an urban type of residence will contribute to the delay of marriage. It is also found that, generally, young males will marry later than young females. However, the proliferation and accessibility of modem medical technology such as birth control pills, condom, etc. will raise the likelihood of getting married early. On the other hand, the effect of religion to the decision to marry early is ambiguous and depends on the kind of religion one is adhering to.Item Restricted Bearing young: early motherhood and human capital development(2006-03) Santos, April Joy C.; Toledo, Rhiana Marie M.; Pernia, ErnestoEarly motherhood tends to reduce years of schooling, work experience and, hence, wages of young mothers. Previous researches show that early motherhood results in adverse socioeconomic consequences. Other studies also note that teen mothers come from rural areas, have little access to education, and live in poverty. In this research data from the 2002 Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Survey (YAFS) were used to analyze the effects of teen· motherhood on human capital investment and labor force participation using the logit model. Results show that age at first birth is a significant factor in determining the young mother's decisions to invest in further education. In the case of labor force participation, younger mothers are likely to join the labor force than pursue further schooling. An implication is that the government should give greater importance to the education and employment of the youth to reduce the incidence of early child bearing, thereby preventing them from getting into socioeconomic hardships.Item Restricted Family planning reaction in the Philippines: an analysis and evaluation(1983-03) Sy, Lilibeth U.Item Restricted The "ideal" number of children of Filipino couples(2003-10) Gonzales, Melanie C.The childbearing decision is a microeconomic variable consequential to the rapid population growth predicament of developing countries. In the Philippine case, this has to be given more consideration for the crafting of public policy on population management programs given that the childbearing decision with respect to the ideal number of children is now becoming exogenously determined by usage of family planning methods as is revealed by the Family Planning Survey of currently married women using modern and traditional contraceptive methods that totaled 33 percent and 16.8 percent respectively in 2001. The 2000 State of the Philippine Population Report says that the Philippine population is expected to double in 35 years. The government, hence, must make population management programs as important components of its public policy to sequentially prevent this prediction from becoming a reality. Through information campaigns, couples' decisions on reproductive behavior would be altered to conform to favorable population growth rate. When couples are able to realize their ideal family sizes, alternatively, their ideal . number of children, the projected population of about 154 million in year 2035 could be prevented. Therefore, analyzing the inter-couple differences in fertility goals is a good start for demographic policy makers in crafting population management programs. Since underlying these variations are potential sources of population growth that may suggest the missing component for a more effective one.Item Restricted The socio-economic determinants of marital decisions in the Philippines(2006-03) Garces, Christine Angelica Yaptangco; Mayoralgo, Mercedes Isabel BantayanThis paper uses a macroeconomic perspective and utilizes aggregate Philippine data that focuses on the composition of the population defined by a set of predefined attributes to determine the socio-economic factors believed to push marital decisions in the country. A simple linear regression model is constructed using the number of marriages, mean age at marriage for males and females, employment of males and females, gross domestic product as measure for income, collegiate enrollment, and the infant mortality rate as relevant variables for study. Based on the empirical results of this study, income, male employment, mean age at marriage for both males and females, and the infant mortality rate are significant factors in marital decisions; however, education and female employment proved to be insignificant. The implications of factors believed to push marital decisions are mostly felt through their effects on population. It is recommended that the rationale behind institutional constraints and marriage costs such as nuptial contracts, polygamy, and divorce be explored. In addition, the use of other variables such as the sex ratio, land ownership, and religion be taken into account, as these may provide alternative measures of individual choices. A microeconomic study may also be done.