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Subject: Family income Ɨ

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Determinants of poverty risk in the Philippines
    (2014-12) Fernandez, Aaron Neil S.; Muncal, Chriseline Gabrielle S.; Arcenas, Agustin L.
    This study used food expenditure pattern in order to identify socioeconomic and demographic factors that would be used as determinants of food poverty at a household level. Using data from the Family Income and Expenditure Survey 2009 and employing Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) Regression Model, this study tested the factors that significantly affect food expenditure pattern ofhouseholds. The results of the OLS test were then fed into a Binary Logistic Regression Model (Logit) to determine if the said factors were also significant determinants of food poverty likelihood. Socioeconomic and demographic variables considered in the study were income, household composition, location (region and urbanity), and household head characteristics such as age, gender, marital status, employment, and educational attainment. All variables included except for household head age were statistically significant and showed the expected effects in determining food expenditure pattern. However, household head gender and marital status appeared to be insignificant in determining household poverty probability. Based on the results, this study recommends that policies for poverty and hunger alleviation should consider the significant characteristics in targeting the recipients of policies to be implemented, including family planning and responsible parenthood policies, better education and more employment which indirectly improve the food status of households.
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    Examining the contribution of household attributes and locality on household welfare inequality: a regression-based decomposition approach
    (2009-11) Ambrocio, Deah S.; Balajadia, Regina Bianca L.
    This study focuses on examining the sources of per capita expenditure inequality in the Philippines using the Family IncomeĀ· and Expenditure Survey data for 2000 and 2006. To be able to see the share of inequality caused by differences in endowments between regions and within regions from the national-level measure, decomposition of the inequality index Theil T was undertaken. For a more in-depth analysis on the sources of inequality and to be able to see the relationship of locality and various household characteristics to household welfare measured by the log of per capita expenditure, regression runs were performed. Regression-based decomposition techniques were also done to see further how much of the total inequality is due to variations in geographical location and household characteristics. The inequality in the living standards faced by Filipinos appears to be caused by within-group components contrary to the widespread view that it is caused by differences in endowments between regions. Hence, the results imply that poverty reduction policies should create conditions that will lessen welfare disparities within regions. Household head characteristics specifically, educational attainment has emerged to be the highest contributor in the variance explained by the model. Likewise, the head's employment sector turned out to be a significant source of variation. Agriculture remained to be the poorest sector. Household composition factors also played an important source accounting to almost a quarter of explained variation. Location is found to account for a substantial share of variance but still not as high as the share appropriated by household attributes.
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    Factors associated with international migration decision
    (2009-04-03) Bautista, Vera Marie H.; Umali, Kristine Camille Y.; Pernia, Ernesto M.
    This paper aims to identify the factors that influence the decision to migrate. Logistic regression is applied to the data gathered from the Family Income and Expenditure Survey and the Labor Force Survey carried out n 2000 and 2003. Results of the analysis are mostly consistent with the existing literature on both international and internal migration. Such factors as age and income have positive effect on the decision to migrate. Moreover, level of educational attainment provides a strong positive influence on the decision to migrate while household size tends to constrain migration. Occupation is also a significant factor suggesting that less-skilled workers have the propensity to migrate more than the professional workers. Migration among males should be dominant in 2000 while female migration seems to dominate in 2003. This study highlights certain key characteristics of migrants. Therefore, policies that aim to address migration should take such into consideration.
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    Effects of family size on household consumption patterns: a Philippine case study
    (2010-10) Gamos, Josephine Maravilla; Suguitan, Carlo Emmanuel Desierto; Tecson, Gwendolyn
    In light of the ballooning population growth of our country, the researchers decided to conduct a study regarding the implications of family size on the household consumption patterns. Using data from the Family Income and Expenditure Survey: the researchers analyzed which of the consumption items are directly and significantly affected by an increase in the number of members in the household. Aside from family size, other factors such as the educational attainment and the age of the household head were also considered. To make the study even more accurate, separate regressions were done for every region in the Philippines. The researchers' findings aim not only to aid various institutions of society in determining the effect of the household size on the kind of lifestyle a family leads but also to help educate Filipinos in order for them to do their part in resolving the alarming population problem in the country.
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    The cost of survival: evidence of household expenditures reallocation in the Philippines
    (2026-05-01) De Leon, Ma. Michaela Beatrice; Sagana, Krisha Isabel; Chan, Justin Rainer S.
    "The study examines Filipino household behavior regarding the adjustment of welfare expenditures in light of the overlapping price shocks from 2018 to 2023 in the Philippines. The pooled repeated cross-sections derived from the Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) dataset have been used to classify welfare expenditures into five functional clusters and employ Engel curve log-log models with interactions between year and decile and income and decile. The findings illustrate that Immediate Consumption represents an unaltered protected necessity with an increasing emphasis on its priority in poorer households due to price shocks' growing strength. On the contrary, Human Development and Protective Welfare demonstrate pronounced contractions in poor deciles in the pandemic years while higher-income households increase their investments in these two dimensions. Partial recovery had been achieved by 2023; however, it was only partial and largely income related. The Protective Welfare dimension is characterized by high income elasticity reflecting income inequality related to households; ability to cope with risks. Moreover, Human Development has been shown to be income-related, although being limited for poorer households. The Asset Formation and discretionary spending dimensions exhibit similar characteristics. Overall, the findings suggest a systematic process of welfare adaptation in which families cut back on Lifestyle expenditures first, followed by Protective Welfare and Human Development expenditures to maintain Immediate Consumption. Asset Formation becomes largely inaccessible to lower-income groups and is preserved by higher-income households. In this sense, inflation restructures not only spending levels but welfare allocation itself, amplifying inequality in householdsā€™ capacity to sustain protection, invest in development, and build long-term resilience, with welfare functions remaining strongly interconnected as shock effects reverberate across all dimensions."