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Subject: Female employment ×

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    The impacts of contraceptive use on female employment: a comparison before and after the implementation of the reproductive health law in the Philippines
    (2023-01) Fegarido, Angelah Claire T.; Matias, Camille Joy M.; Estudillo, Jonna P.
    Studies have shown that increasing access to contraceptives is associated with higher probability of female employment. However, in the case of the Philippines, not much exploration has been done on the impact of the Reproductive Health Law on contraceptive use and consequently on employment. Implementing a two-stage regression on the data collected in the 2008 and 2017 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey, this study employs multinomial logistic and logistic regression models to estimate the impact of using modern contraceptives on female employment. With legal access to contraceptives as the instrumental variable, results show that having legal access to contraceptives increases the likelihood of women using modern methods of contraception than no method at all. Moreover, the use of relatively modern methods such as injections and sterilization are positively associated with female employment.
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    An economic analysis on the impact of female employment on the ideal number of children: evidence from the Philippines
    (2010-10) Diamante, Gucci Z.; Ortega, Rose Anne O.; Kraft, Aleli
    One of the pressing issues in the Philippines is its growing population. To control rapid population growth, it is important to look at the determinants of individual fertility in the country. This paper examines the impact of female employment on the ideal number of children using the household data found in the 2008 National Demographic and Health Survey. The econometric model was based on the microeconomic theory on household maximization and the allocation of time. This study used a Poisson regression model to accommodate for the discrete characteristics of the dependent variable, ideal number of children. Results suggest that there is a negative and significant effect of the female employment to the ideal number of children. This confirms Becker's theory that the opportunity cost of child rearing determines the preferred number of children of a woman. Other socioeconomic factors, such as education, wealth index, age, religion and type of place of residence, affecting ideal number of children were also present in the model.