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Item Restricted The impact of gender inequality in the labor force on the economic growth of each region in the Philippines(2015-06) Digay, Robert Boz; Saulo, Christopher Miguel; Pajaron, Marjorie C.This paper examines the impact of the gender inequality in the labor force participation rate to the economic growth of each region in the Philippines from 2002- 2013. Backed up by neoclassical growth theory that accumulating assets including human capital can lead to economic growth, restricting the women an access to labor force and in education as well, reduces the amount of available talent or capital that the economy can use, which may impede economic growth. Using panel data, we used simple OLS regression to see the effect of labor force participation gap and wage gap to economic growth measured by gross regional domestic product and regional tax revenue collection. We further improved the model by controlling for fixed and random effects. GRDP and Tax revenue collection per region decreases by 0.21 and 0.9 percentage points respectively for every 1% increase in labor force gap. Wage gap has a weaker impact on economic growth compared to labor force gap. Using 2SLS, we also find out that education gap in the primary level is a weak instrument for labor force participation gap and wage gap. We then dissected the labor force gap into nine sectors and observe its effect on economic growth.Item Restricted Correlates of job match probability(2012-04) Ferrer, Feliche Anne E.; Sta. Maria, Carissa Iris S.; Pernia, Ernesto M.This study aims to look into the various factors behind job match in relation to academic program completed. The data utilized in this research were collated through an online survey of the year 2009-2010 graduates of the University of the Philippines, Diliman. Graduates from three colleges of the university were selected for the survey, namely, the College of Engineering (Computer Science), the College of Mass Communication, and the School of Economics. Five variables were hypothesized to be significant correlates of job match: (1) gender, (2) academic program, (3) educational attainment of the mother, (4) educational " attainment of the father, and (5) academic honors. The logistic regression was used for the analysis. The results show that gender, educational attainment of the mother, and academic honors are not significant correlates of job match. On the other hand, academic program, and educational attainment of the father prove to be significant correlates of job match.Item Restricted Male-female pay differentials among college graduates(1984-03) Guerrero, Rosabel B.; Medilo, Ma. Cristina S.; Alonzo, RupertoItem Restricted A study on determining the presence of workplace discrimination against the Filipino LGBT youth(2019-12) Jimenez, Christian Eligius A.; Epetia, Ma. Christina F.Despite the increasing influence of the LGBT community in the economy, anecdotal evidence shows that discrimination based on their gender orientation still exists. We employ a logit regressions model to test the presence of workplace discrimination among the LGBT youth in the Philippines. Two indicators of discrimination are used in the study: income as an objective measure and self-reported workplace discrimination as a subjective measure. In contrast to anecdotal evidence, we find that discrimination based on gender orientation is insignificant in determining difference in income and the feeling of being discriminated in the workplace. Further analysis of the individual data provides other factors such as gender at birth, employment status, region, urban classification of the area of the respondent, and disability are significantly related to the two indicators of discrimination in the workplace. The significance of this study is to provide empirical analysis on the economic standing of Filipino LGBTs relative to their heterosexual counterparts, offering inputs to the policy agenda of inclusiveness and non-discrimination in the country.Item Restricted The deposit slip: a battle of the sexes a comparative analysis of the savings rates of male- and female-headed households(2008-10) Borja, Rosa Beatrix G.; Solon, OrvilleThis study aims to find out whether there are differences between the saving rates of male and female household heads and what factors possibly affect these differences. Data and variables from the Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) 2003 were used in this paper. Using ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions for cross-sectional data, results show that female heads in non-agricultural areas have the highest average saving rates. In general, non-agricultural households have higher saving rates, relative to agricultural households. An unexpected finding shows that saving rates are negatively related to the household head's educational attainment. Household size is also a significant determinant of the savings level. The higher savings rates of female household heads, however, may only mean that they feel their incomes are more uncertain because of lack of access to credit, incomplete information and liquidity constraints.Item Restricted The effect of gender on wage rates: a three-year study of managers' compensation in the National Capital Region(1997-03) Cenzon, Ma. Thelma; Tubianosa, Charisse; Esguerra, Emmanuel F.Item Restricted Are rural residents healthier that their urban counterparts? an evaluation of tuberculosis, gender and urbanization(2010-04) Sibulo, Marianne C.; Villanueva, Christine Joy A.Tuberculosis, one of the leading causes of morbidity, afflicts one-third of the world's population. Although deaths due to TB have decreased in the Philippines, the government still needs to strengthen its efforts to prevent the spread of the disease since TB principally affects the economically productive age group. Losses of about 26 billion pesos annually due to premature deaths from TB can be eliminated if strategies are improved. Ordinary Least Squares is employed to determine the significance of socioeconomic and demographic factors in the prevalence of TB and to analyze the difference between male and female adults. Results show that the number of urban residents per square kilometer has a positive effect on the adult TB rates in provinces and cities, while functional literacy consistently has a negative effect on the adult TB rates. From these, it can be recommended to formulate policies that would focus on reducing the number of urban residents in provinces and cities, and providing education to effectively reduce the number of TB patients.Item Restricted Family matters : the relationship of gender employment and other demographics to household consumption patterns(2021-07) Evangelista, Mary Elynne M.; Sy, Matt Jemuel L.; Alburo, Florian A.Throughout the years, the Philippines has struggled to lower its unemployment rate. Until 2019, the country saw a downward trend in unemployment, on the way to achieving its 3-5% unemployment rate goal in the Philippine Development Plan for 2017-2022. However, the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 caused a global economic crisis, reversing the trend into new heights. The labor fore~ participation rate in 2020 fell to its lowest in 15 years. Even more alarming is the staggering labor force participation gap between men and women, which hardly (changed throughout the years. Inevitably, unemployment of household members affects the income of the household, which in turn affects consumption of different goods. This paper analyzes the impact of unemployment of household members, particularly of the husband and wife, on household expenditure on different types and categories of goods. Moreover, it assesses the impact of demographic factors on household consumption patterns using a subsample of of different goods. labor force participants obtained from the 2015 merged Family Income and Expenditure Survey, and Labor Force Survey. (FIES-LFS) Using both a Tobit model and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimation method, we found that depending on the expenditure category, unemployment of the husband or the wife can either increase or decrease household consumption. Only the unemployment of the wife was found to have a significant negative effect on household food consumption, while only the unemployment of the husband has a significant negative effect on transport and communication expenditure. Demographic variables such as age, educational attainment, household size, and location were also found to have varying effects on consumption of different goods.