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Item Restricted Pinoy, adik nga ba sa yosi? examinig the determinants of smoking behavior of Filipinos across gender and income levels(2011-10) Aribbay, Carlo Jose T.; Cardaño, Catherine Hazel N.; Desierto, Desiree A.This paper is stimulated by the recent proposition of a tobacco tax reform in the Philippines. Two bills, filed in Congress by Batanes Representative Henedina Abad and Iloilo Representative Niel Tupas Jr, seek to reform the taxation system among tobacco products to deter smoking incidents in the country. With this imminent policy in smoking cessation, this study attempts to provide insights on how Filipinos of different genders and income levels react on such phenomenon. Using a cross sectional regression analysis of the Family Income and Expenditures Survey of 2009, this paper estimates the different income elasticities of demand among Filipinos with different income levels and looks into the various determinants of cigarette demand in the Philippines. For both men and women, income elasticities for smoking participation and quantity of cigarettes smoked are significant but very nominal. These effects become less and less significant as income increases. Education has strong negative effects on smoking, especially for high-income respondents. Increases in own-earnings decrease individuals' consumption of cigarettes for both sexes but is less significant to female. Marital status becomes insignificant as income level improves. Employment is negatively influential to consumption but tends to be irrelevant to women. Surprisingly, the presence of young children has a positive, significant effect to cigarette consumption. Indeed, the Philippine demand for cigarettes is sensitive to several factors.Item Restricted Who smokes? a look into the determinants of Filipino households' smoking decisions(2008-01) Abdulwahid, Benazir E.; Litonjua, Abram Rei; Solon, Orville Jose C.This paper looks into the determinants of the smoking behavior among Filipino households using cross sectional regression analysis of the Family Income and Expenditure Survey 2003. In the interest of public health, this study attempts to provide insights on what can make household members start smoking, and how much the smoker spends on tobacco products. The divide between smoker and non-smoker households is important to better understand the extent of spending of the smoking households. This paper looks into the variables that can help identify who are the smokers and the non-smokers. Since almost 68.5% of the total household respondents are consuming various tobacco products, the study attempts to show how the smoker households in terms of their decision to smoke, are different from the non-smoker households. Then, it investigates on the factors that trigger and motivate tobacco spending, as well as other factors that can alter consumption decision. The policy concern of this paper is to compare the effectiveness of preventing the smokers from picking the habit, as against the strategy of reducing total tobacco consumption. This study critically sees which one can give better and sustainable results. It incorporates the role of education in lowering tobacco consumption and smoking incidence, by advancing the effectiveness of education as a mechanism to prevent smoking. Other vectors of variables are considered to determine their influence on Filipino household heads' smoking decisions.Item Restricted An inquiry into the economics of smoking behavior(1997-03) Niala, Eduardo M. Jr.; Herrin, Alejandro N.This paper delves on the economics of smoking behavior by providing various economic perspectives in explaining the individual's decision to smoke. In particular, a survey of existing literature on the determinants of smoking behavior focusing on the rational consumption of hazardous goods, risk perceptions, rational addiction, and health knowledge is presented. To give credence to the theories and predictions of these economic models, empirical and descriptive evidence is shown along with a discussion on the effectiveness of some smoking control policies and programs of both developed and developing countries, as evaluated by the studies. In view of all these, an analysis of existing smoking-related studies in the Philippines, particularly the 1987 and 1995 National Smoking Prevalence Surveys and the recent studies conducted by the Social Weather Stations is made. The identification of policy implications and areas for government and institutional intervention to address the need to establish an effective smokingcontrol program in the Philippines concludes this inquiry.