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    Linking foreign aid, infrastructure, and institutions: the case of the Philippines
    (2018-05) Villegas, Aldrin V. ; San Juan, Lei Andrea B. ; Debuque-Gonzales, Margarita
    Infrastructure plays a crucial role in economic growth and development. The Philippines, however, has been significantly underinvesting in physical infrastructure. Infrastructure underdevelopment in the country is thus a major contributor to hampered economic growth. In financing large-scale infrastructure projects, the Philippines heavily relies on foreign aid which, in many dimensions, is encapsulated by Official Development Assistance (ODA). Despite this trend, local literature has yet to investigate the specific effects of the political environment on the overruns incurred by ODA- funded projects. This study attempts to provide a comprehensive literature review about the Philippine economic and political environment, the country’s infrastructure program, and the historical and contemporary role of ODA or foreign aid in today’s globalized world where the Philippines situates itself. Likewise, empirical evidence is provided in this paper. By specifically using political environment variables such as public trust and corruption perception, this study responds to the need for empirical explanations on how politics affects dynamics in public infrastructure. The study’s empirical section shows that project technical variables as well as ODA investment level in the country have a greater effect on project outcomes than economic and political factors. Overall, the study provides a good reference for exploring the situation of foreign aid, infrastructure, and institutions in the Philippines.
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    Corruption and internet adoption in developing countries: an empirical cross-country analysis
    (2018) Jacinto, Daniela Felisa B. ; Serrano, Therese Adelaide L. ; Escresa, Laarni C.
    World literature supports the corruption reduction capacity of internet, however no conclusions have been made for developing countries, in particular, where corruption has more devastating effects. This study investigates the effect of internet adoption on corruption in a cross- country view, while considering income classifications per country. The researchers examine the consistency of its effect across three different cross-national measures for corruption, and hypothesize a weaker effect in developing countries. Using fixed effects and random effects models, there is evidence to support that the effect in developed and developing countries have inconsistent relationships across the different income classifications. The study also supports Rule of Law as a corruption deterrent, and the overall anti-corruption effect of internet adoption on corruption.
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    Corruption in the Philippines
    (2015) Espino, Jose Mari C.; Mora, Regina Victoria S.; Alonzo, Ruperto P.
    For many years, corruption has continued to be a pervasive problem in Philippine society. This research aims to show and understand different factors that allow this predicament to persist. Using a new measure of corruption, the number of corruption cases filed instead of the usual perception-based measures, this paper explores the effects of different economic and non-economic determinants of corruption on a regional level. In line with similar studies, we conclude that an increase in either income or education leads to lower levels of corruption. However, education proves to have a stronger and more robust effect than income. Furthermore, this paper also explores whether the prevalence of political dynasties is a determinant of corruption. We find that it is not simply the presence of a political dynasty that can lead to an increase in corruption, but an unchallenged political dynasty that can aggravate the corruption problem within a region as it gravely hampers political competition.