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Item Restricted Food demand patterns in thr Philippines in response to price and income changes(2016-06-06) Canaria, Lorenzo UrriquiaAmidst the continuous improvement of the country’s economy, the total share of food in total expenditure for the Philippine household has been increasing, a situation not found in many countries. This rise in food share may largely be affected by the rise in rice expenditure and the retail price of rice. To explore this possibility, we analyze demand patterns through the budgeting process of Philippine households, specifically with respect to food. We investigate the food choices they make and what the change in these choices indicate for the family. Using Family and Income Expenditure Survey data from 1991-2012, and making use of the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model, we estimate expenditure and price elasticity. This is to shed light on how different income groups within a population consume rice and other food commodities; as well as how changes in incomes and prices affect these decisions. We find that price distortions, together with the current income distribution in the Philippines, directly affects the spending and consumption patterns of households, especially the poor. As for elasticity, rice had an overall expenditure elasticity of 0.53, and uncompensated and compensated own-price elasticity of 0.91 and 1.06, respectively. When divided in urbanity and income quin-tiles, nearly all rice elasticity remained positive. These results show that rice is a strong normal good, and is still consumed in varying amounts regardless of price changes, urbanity, or income quin-tile. The resulting elasticity can immediately be useful in making selection criteria for poverty-targeting programs more accurate and reach the intended groups, as well as providing a clear basis for improvements in rice and food policy.Item Restricted The influence of income and geography on outcomes of financial regulation and supervision(2016-06) dela Fuente, Maria Rizza Belle ; Escresa, Laarni C.This study focuses on the effects of financial regulation and supervision on the financial sector’s performance, stability, and efficiency. As regulation is determined to be an effective or ineffective government intervention, this research will seek to explain this result in light of the countries’ income levels and geographic locations. It seeks to justify whether the differences in responses to regulation are attributable to the country’s income and/or geographic location. In order to render judgment on whether the country’s income and geographic location determine the actual effect the regulation produces, the researcher will use the data (118 countries) from the World Bank Survey on Financial Regulation and Supervision and usethe model employed by Barth, Caprio, and Levine (2001) in their study Bank Regulation and Supervision: What Works Best?. Regulatory variables concerning financial institutions’ structure and conduct will serve as independent variables and Bank Performance will be the measure of regulatory effectiveness. Econometric techniques such as ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and dummy variables will be employed in this research in order to determine relationship among variables and the regulatory actions to its desired impact.Item Restricted Impact of usage of irrigation system on farm household income: case of the Philippines(2017-05-27) Alusen, Melissa B. ; Soriano, Mia Andrea O. ; Ravago, Majah-Leah V.Item Restricted Income inequality and mental health in the Philippines: the impact of income inequality on mental health in the Philippines(2016-12-14) Canoy, Wenny Laine Ann L. ; Paraguya, Maria Trinidad O. ; Ravago, Majah-Leah V.Despite the increasing cases of mental disorders and disability and the economic, health, and social costs these inflict to society, little is studied about its economic determinants in the Philippines. We investigate the relation between income inequality and mental health in the Philippines. We used pseudo-panel data from approximately 32 thousand households from 83 provinces in 2006 and 2009. Data includes vital statistics records of deaths by mental disorders, self-inflicted harm and event of undetermined intent as mental health outcomes. Using the fixed effect regression, our results displayed significance of income inequality measures at the 95% confidence interval. Our analysis finds support for this relation, and suggest that further increase in income inequality will lead to a greater adverse effects to population mental health in the country.Item Restricted Patterns and determinats of fruits and vegetables consumption of different income groups in the Philippines(2011-03-28) Bartolata, Christine B.; Lao, Monina Nica L.; Desierto, Desiree A.This study assesses the observable effects of income and nutritional knowledge on the supposed nature of fruits and vegetables among different income groups - whether these goods are treated as inferior or normal goods. Using the household-level data from the 2006 Family Income and Expenditure Survey of the National Statistics Office which primarily profiles of the fruit and vegetable consumption of Filipinos on the basis of income while controlling for socio- demographic and economic factors like education, health-related and family matters. The results show that consumption of fruits and vegetables is an inferior good taking into consideration the decreasing budget share of these good as household income increases. Our findings also reflect that higher income of the high skilled occupational groups also lead to higher consumption when relating it to nutrition knowledge. In addition, inferiority of these goods is most evident in urban Luzon region while Visayas and Mindanao regions show otherwise. Overall, the patterns of fruit and vegetable consumption differ across the different regions and varying educational attainment and major occupational groups.Item Restricted Economic determinants of crime(1979-10) Dominguez, Rafael V.; Lllana, Marssa C.