4 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
Item Restricted A study on the effects of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program on child labor outcomes(2016-12) Galano, Aaron Christopher Anthony P. ; Yu, John Daryl B.; Jandoc, Karl Robert L.Child labor is a serious issue in the Philippines as more than 3 million children are affected – many of which are involved in hazardous work. The Pantawid Pamilya Pilipino Program (4Ps), a conditional cash transfer (CCT) program, grants cash to poor households upon the fulfillment of stipulated conditions – one of which involves sending children to school. Given its structure, the 4Ps seems to be an apt policy in dealing with issue. This study explores the impact of the 4Ps program on child labor incidence and number of working children using propensity score matching. Average treatment effects on the treated (ATTs) are computed for the given outcome variables and are compared. The 2011 results present positive ATTs that are statistically significant, indicating that 4Ps households have higher incidence and number of children working on average. In 2014, this result vanishes, suggesting a reduction in presence of child labor among 4Ps households. This is supported by lower ATT values for beneficiary households in comparison to 2011. However, the ATT values of 2014 prove to be insignificant, signaling the need for more conclusive evidence through other methods. Nonetheless, the study does hint on the potency of the program to combat child labor.Item Restricted CCT wate to save: a study on the effect of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) on the saving behavior households(2018-05) Libunao, Alyssa Marielle B. ; Oxina, Margarette Anne C. ; Jandoc, Karl Robert L.The study explores the effect of Panatawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) on the savings behavior of its household beneficiaries. Given that the 4Ps has already reached its maturity, we find it important to investigate the sustainability of the program by seeking the households’ savings behavior. Since income is one of the most important determinants of savings, the study answers the question: Does 4Ps encourage poor households to save more, given their higher disposable income from cash transfers, or is there a need for direct intervention aimed at improving the savings behavior of households? The sample used was divided into two: restricted and unrestricted. The unrestricted sample utilizes the complete Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (APIS) 2016 dataset while the restricted sample limits the dataset to households belonging to the bottom three income deciles, which makes the restricted sample more concentrated on the lower-income households. Using propensity score matching, the results show that actual savings is statistically insignificant for both samples used. One major finding, however, reveals that 4Ps beneficiaries are more likely to avail a loan compared to non-beneficiaries.Item Restricted Evaluating the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) as a safety net against student dropout and child labor in the occurrence of shocks(2016-12-20) Abong, Jeryl ; Corridor, Julie-Ann Kris R.This paper aims to evaluate the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) – the country’s flagship anti-poverty measure and one of the more important components of our social protection portfolio – and its efficacy as an effetive safety net that can protect households from doing unproductive coping mechanisms, with emphasis on child labor and student dropout, against the adverse effects of transitory shocks. Utilizing a unique, nationally-representative social protection survey data, we used propensity score matching (PSM) to estimate average treatment effects on the treated (ATT) as a measure of the program’s impact. We found significantly higher chances of child labor, and insignificant yet varying possible circumstances of student dropout among 4Ps beneficiary households in order to mitigate the negative consequences of shocks, despite the conditions on educational outcomes set by the program. Overall, based on our empirical estimates, we conclude that the 4Ps is not an effective coping mechanism against the the adverse effects of shocks on child welfare.Item Restricted Who can work from home? determinants and wage effects of teleworkaccess in the Philippines(2026-01-06) Palomata, Ivan Georg; Taneo, Tricia Kieth; Sabarillo, Anthony G.This study examines the determinants of telework access and associated wage premiums in the Philippine labor market using 2021 FIES-LFS data merged with occupation-level teleworkability indices. Probit analysis reveals that tertiary education is the dominant predictor of telework access, increasing the probability by 27.7 percentage points compared to elementary education. Using OLS, Heckman selection correction, and propensity score matching, the telework wage premium is estimated at 24-35%, with larger effects for women (30.3%) than men (21.8%) and for lower-wage workers (34.2%) compared to higher-wage workers (14.7%). These findings suggest that while telework offers substantial wage benefits, access remains highly stratified by education, potentially exacerbating labor market inequality.