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Item Restricted Evaluating the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) as a safety net against student dropout and child labor in the occurrence of shocks(2016-12-20) Abong, Jeryl ; Corridor, Julie-Ann Kris R.This paper aims to evaluate the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) – the country’s flagship anti-poverty measure and one of the more important components of our social protection portfolio – and its efficacy as an effetive safety net that can protect households from doing unproductive coping mechanisms, with emphasis on child labor and student dropout, against the adverse effects of transitory shocks. Utilizing a unique, nationally-representative social protection survey data, we used propensity score matching (PSM) to estimate average treatment effects on the treated (ATT) as a measure of the program’s impact. We found significantly higher chances of child labor, and insignificant yet varying possible circumstances of student dropout among 4Ps beneficiary households in order to mitigate the negative consequences of shocks, despite the conditions on educational outcomes set by the program. Overall, based on our empirical estimates, we conclude that the 4Ps is not an effective coping mechanism against the the adverse effects of shocks on child welfare.Item Restricted Ranks and scores: measuring relative socio-economic vulnerability in the Philippines(2011-04) Garen, Gabrielle Dominique A.; Kraft, Aleli D.The concept of vulnerability is contentious, and its methods of measurement are many. This paper adapts 'hazards-of-place' 'hazards-of-place' approach developed Cutter Cutter (1996) in determining This vulnerability. This approach presupposes that vulnerability is a product of social However, biophysical vulnerabilities. However, we examine only socio- economic The in this study. The integration with biophysical vulnerability Although left for future research. Although in economics, the household is the common unit of analysis, the scale employed here is larger, at the regional sub-national scale, thus taking into account the characteristics Using a place that contribute to vulnerability. Using principal components analysis, this paper Philippines, to quantify the relative socio-economic vulnerability of the Philippines, For assigning scores that measure each administrative region's socio-economic vulnerability. For policy purposes, the relative vulnerabilities found here can be used to guide targeted intervention of the most vulnerable locations.