Tecson, GwendolynDe Ramos, Trendy Therese B.2025-01-062025-01-062004-10-04https://selib.upd.edu.ph/etdir/handle/123456789/3965The paper examines the trend of a bloated public sector department in the Philippine national government by measuring the extent of redundancy of labor that is exhibited by the department for the periods 1993-2002. The goods and services produced by these redundant employees are of an inferior quality relative to those produced with the necessary amount of complementary nonlabor inputs. The 1993 base year is used as the necessary amount of nonlabor inputs to obtain the employment level that will efficiently produce quality government output. The paper will show the importance of investing in the complementary nonlabor inputs; instead of just prioritizing the investment in personal services, as the demand for government output by the growing population is increased yearly.enLabor redundancyPublic sectorGovernment efficiencyGovernment effectivenessQuality of outputPublic serviceThesis